SCCS 2: Bushmen

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SCCS societies - books in UCI library

1. ˇPrincipal Authority(ies)

^^^^^ Marshall, L(orna). 1976. The !Kung of Nyae Nyae. Cambridge, Mass.
1022110 Marshall, L. 1960. !Kung Bushman Bands. Africa 30: 325-355.
0100221 Marshall, L. 1965. The !Kung Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert.
FX10=15 Peoples of Africa, ed. J. L. Gibbs, Jr., pp. 241-278. New York.
0011332 Marshall, L. 1959. Marriage among !Kung Bushmen. Africa
FX10= 1 29: 335-364
2033000 Marshall, L. 1961. Sharing, Talking and Giving. Africa
FX10=12 31: 231-249. Reprinted in R. B. Lee and I. DeVore 1976. (below).
0000001 Marshall, L. 1962. !Kung Bushman Religious Beliefs. Africa
FX10=13 32:221-252.
0000000 Marshall, L. 1957a. The Kin Terminology System of the !Kung
FX10= 5 Bushmen. Africa 27: 1-25.
0000000 Marshall, L. 1957b. N!ow. Africa 27: 232-240.
(pasted from bibliography with leading spaces added)

Standard Sample Unit 2 (GPM 5/30/68)

Sampling Province 2: Bushmen.

Representative of the Province and of Cluster 2: Kung Bushmen (!Kung), Aa1:1.

Focus: Kung of the Nyae region (20-21°E, 19°30'-20°30's), presumably identical

 with the Agau of Schapera, as of 1950 (the first year of the field work by
 the Marshalls).

General Area: Schapera (1930: 33) lists four major groupings of Kung Bushmen:

 (1) the Agau, southeast of Karakuwisa and hence in the Nyae Nyae region;
 (2) the !Ogowe of the lower Omuramba Omatako, north of Karakuwisa and thus
 about 50 miles north of the Nyae Nyae region; (3) the Nogau of Karakuwisa and
 the upper Omuramba Omataka, i.e., just north of the Nyae Nyae region
 (Marshall's map shows a group called //No!Gau in the southeast corner); and
 (4) the =/Kangau far to the north of the Nyae Nyae region along the Okavango
 River.  The population of the Nyae Nyae region in 1953 was about 3,500.

Selection of Focus: The Kung of the Nyae Nayae region are chosen because of the

 quality of Lorna Marshall's work.  She notes (Marshall 1960:328) that there
 were 27 intermarrying bands in this region, for most of which a head count
 was obtained.  Two central bands (Gautsa) at the Gautscha Pan waterhole were
 the most fully studied, but full geneologies were also obtained for two
 adjacent bands (the Kautsa and Deboragu), as well as additional data on ten
 others (Marshall 1959:336).  Though the Gautsa bands form the core of the
 region, data on the others may be used in default of specific evidence of
 cultural differences.  And Agua Kung are presumably identical, to judge from
 the frequency with which Nyae Nyae band leaders are called =/Gau, Gao, or
 Agau, as well as because the identity of their location.  The work of the
 Marshalls may thus be supplemented from earlier data on the Agau.  Isolation,
 intermarriage, and lack of acculturation justify using the Nyae Nyae region
 as a whole, rather than the Gautsa bands alone, as the focus.

Time: The data of 1950 is selected as the year when the Marshalls began their

 field work (1950-55).  Richard Lee of Harvard is currently engaged (1967-68)
 in his second period of field work among a nearby Kung group.

Coordinates: The Gautsa bands are pinpointed by Marshall at 19°48'3"S, 20°,

 34'36"E, but the wider range indicated under Focus will be used unless
 specifically contraindicated.  Data pertaining to bands outside this core are
 should be used only with appropriate caution.